The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) is a simple, non-invasive vascular test that compares blood pressure in the ankle and arm to assess for peripheral artery disease (PAD). ABI testing is a critical screening tool for early detection of vascular disease and cardiovascular risk stratification. Recommended for patients with leg pain, non-healing wounds, or risk factors such as diabetes, smoking, or advanced age.
The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) is the ratio of the blood pressure at the ankle to the blood pressure in the arm. A low ABI indicates reduced blood flow to the legs, which may be caused by arterial narrowing or blockage. This non-invasive vascular test is widely used for peripheral artery disease (PAD) screening and monitoring.
Blood pressure cuffs are placed on the arm and ankle. Systolic pressures are measured at both sites, and the ABI is calculated by dividing the ankle pressure by the arm pressure. The result helps determine the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Automated systems like VasoGuard ensure accuracy and reproducibility.
| ABI Value | Interpretation | Clinical Recommendation |
|---|---|---|
| > 1.4 | Calcified/Noncompressible Vessel | Consider TBI, refer to vascular specialist |
| 1.0 - 1.4 | Normal | None |
| 0.9 - 1.0 | Acceptable | Monitor |
| 0.8 - 0.9 | Some Arterial Disease | Treat risk factors |
| 0.5 - 0.8 | Moderate Disease | Refer to vascular specialist |
| < 0.5 | Severe Disease | Urgent referral |
ABI testing is invaluable for:
ABI is endorsed by major vascular and cardiovascular societies as a first-line test for PAD. Early detection can lead to interventions that prevent limb loss and improve quality of life.
ABI testing is reimbursable under CPT code 93922 (Limited bilateral noninvasive physiologic studies of upper or lower extremity arteries). Coverage is typically provided for patients with symptoms or risk factors for PAD. Proper documentation and adherence to clinical guidelines are essential for reimbursement.
VasoGuard automates ABI measurement with high-precision sensors and user-friendly software. The system guides clinicians through the process, calculates the ABI instantly, and provides clear, actionable results. Data can be exported for EMR integration or further analysis.
